معارف منطقی

Ibn Hazm, a jurist, philosopher, and logician of the Western Islamic world in the fifth century AH, the difficult era of rational sciences, was one of the pioneers in defending logic. Using a special method in utilizing verses and narrations and citing religious rulings in logical discussions, he tried to demonstrate the compatibility of logic with religion. Without borrowing from others and using his own terminology and method, in some topics such as types of indications and classification of names and propositions, he has also innovated in terms of content, and has explained subtle logical points and then applied them to the analysis of religious data. In discussing issue of indication, linking the issue of words to the particular and the universal, he approaches his view which is the validity of religious manifestations. Also, by stating the types of names and their definitions, he provides the basis for entering into the divine names and draws help from this discussion in the issue of permissibility of citing the divine names and attributes. In discussing of propositions, by innovating in discussions related to the distinction between declarative and nondeclarative sentences, Ibn Hazm was also become successful to introduce a new approach to the analysis of religious teachings. In addition to explaining Ibn Hazm's innovations in logical issues, this article uses a descriptive-analytical method to explain the applications of these views.