معارف منطقی

Critical thinking or the method of criticism of thought is an evaluation about opinions and thoughts using intellectual sciences, for which four stages of clarifying have been listed: the meaning of words, discovering the basics, evaluating the reason after demanding it, and discovering the fallacies in the reason. In these stages, there is no emphasis on identifying the spiritual and psychological traits of people of falsity, as well as there is no emphasis on physical, terrestrial, personal and social motivations of them, however these traits and motivations play an important role in their tendency to fallacies and in discovering their fallacies. But the Holy Qur'an in dealing with false thought emphasizes on these matters, and this shows that from the perspective of the Qur'an, in order to criticize false thought and fight against it, in addition to paying attention to the intellectual and theoretical aspects of false thought, practical, moral and motivational aspects of people of falsity (paralogists) should also be considered. The purpose of the Qur'an in paying attention to these aspects is to reveal the personality of falsity people and their hidden goals which covered by the beautiful and deceptive appearances. So, in this way, the incorrectness of their thinking will be revealed and its influence on others will be prevented. In order to eliminate the defect existing in the rational method of critical thinking and to complete its topics, In this article, which is presented in a descriptive-analytical form, the method of the Qur'an in criticizing the false thought is examined.