معارف منطقی

Unclarity in the division point of conventional premises (famous propositions) has caused the divide point not to be mentioned in the divisions. This has resulted in confusion in the divisions and has provided the ground for creating fallacies. The solution of this problem as depends on distinguishing between the conventional premises in the specific sense and the in the general sense, as need to the detailed examination of several parts of the divisions of the famous conventional premises that have been discussed in this article. Logicians have considered two types of propositions: the self-evident and the morally absolute conventional. If we consider moral premises more absolute and universal than absolute conventional premises, we must also consider the reason why they are more absolute and to be universal; In this sense, we should either acknowledge the existence of innate capacity and innate knowledge and consider moral concepts as one of the examples of innate knowledge, or accept, at least, that these knowledge are ultimately based on self-evident and universal knowledge, and this is the reason for them to be absolute and universal; Because one cannot believe in universal and absolute moral concepts that rely solely on public interests and injuries; Because these interests and injuries are different and are not absolute.